German shipbuilder Naval Vessels Lürssen (NVL) has begun sea trials for Bulgaria’s first Multipurpose Modular Patrol Vessel (MMPV), marking a major milestone in the country’s naval modernization program. The lead ship, Hrabri—meaning Brave—is undergoing initial performance and systems testing across Varna Bay and selected sections of the Black Sea. These trials will validate propulsion, handling, and onboard technologies ahead of its scheduled commissioning by late 2025.
The Hrabri’s construction timeline reflects steady progress since the ceremonial steel-cutting in December 2021, followed by keel laying in June 2022 at MTG Dolphin’s Varna shipyard, the program’s Bulgarian partner. The vessel was successfully launched in August 2023, transitioning from hull assembly to the advanced outfitting phase. Since then, weapons, mission systems, and sensors have been systematically integrated, according to updates from the Bulgarian Ministry of Defence.
A second ship in the class, named Smeli (Courageous), is currently under construction and will join Hrabri as part of Bulgaria’s expanding maritime security fleet. Together, the two MMPVs will enhance Bulgaria’s ability to counter airborne, surface, land-based, and underwater threats, while also supporting operations under NATO and European Union commitments. Their introduction is expected to significantly strengthen patrol, surveillance, and regional defense capabilities in the Black Sea.
Both ships are based on NVL’s MMPV 90 design, featuring a 90-meter length, 14-meter beam, and accommodation for up to 70 personnel. The vessels can be equipped with a 76mm main gun, 35mm CIWS, anti-ship and anti-air missiles, and torpedoes. Additional mission flexibility comes from a helicopter deck suitable for a maritime helicopter or large UAV, along with space for two RHIBs. Powered by two 8,900-hp diesel engines, the MMPV 90 achieves speeds above 20 knots and a range of 3,000 nautical miles, aligning with Bulgaria’s long-term coastal defense requirements.
