Navantia has begun evaluating the air-independent propulsion system destined for Spain’s third S-80-class submarine, marking a major milestone in the country’s submarine modernization program. The innovative system generates hydrogen onboard from liquid oxygen and bioethanol to power fuel cells, allowing submarines to remain submerged for extended periods without surfacing. Extensive testing is being conducted under simulated operational conditions to validate endurance, efficiency, and reliability before integration into the vessel. The technology is expected to significantly enhance Spain’s underwater operational capabilities.
