Russia has offered the 3M-14E Kalibr-PL to the Indian Navy as a long-range submarine-launched strike solution. With a range of around 1,500 km, it exceeds India’s baseline requirements. The missile can be launched from standard torpedo tubes, simplifying integration with existing submarines. It provides a near-term capability boost while indigenous systems are still under development. However, geopolitical and supply chain risks remain key considerations.
